The City of Counted Stars
A Calvinoesque philosophical miniature about a Silk Road city whose citizens cast horoscopes at birth, seal them until death, and elevate compatibilism into civic rite.
A traveler reports a city near Samarkand whose laws, professions, walls, and funerals are ordered by the seven classical planets. Each citizen receives a horoscope at birth, but the figure is sealed until death, when it is read aloud as biography rather than advice.
The city’s doctrine is that a prediction remains a nativity only while unused. Foreknowledge would not merely inform the life; it would enter the life, changing the object it claimed to describe.
The result is a compatibilist fable in astrological costume: the stars determine, the citizens deliberate, and the mourners forgive lives for having happened only once.
…“Sire, I shun the Astronomical Bureau.” And he recounted:
Three days’ ride south-southwest from the turquoise towers of Samarkand, you find a city called by its poets, The City of Counted Stars.
Past the felt-tent nomads who boil horseflesh, after the last mulberry canal has sunk into salt, it is near the country where fire is tended in roofless temples. Its tax register is 70 qing of cultivated ground, watered by a kariz from the eastern mountains, growing principally barley, wheat, and a dry rice that ripens in their lower gardens, where it is cooled by the desert winds at night. It is prosperous and peaceful, with due taxes paid each year, and public executions so rarely occur that children are lifted to see the scaffold.
The people are skillful in reckoning nativities. The city partitions its populace strictly by planetary dominion. In Saturn’s quarter are the masons, gravediggers, well-cleaners, foreigners, and washers of the stillborn. Jupiter keeps the judges, treasurers, old men who remember droughts, and keepers of bronze weights. Mars has the butchers, surgeons, armorers, and the square where blood may be spilled. The Sun holds the mint and governor’s court. Venus has the madder-dyers, singers, bath-women, and brides. Mercury has the interpreters, money-changers, thieves, and scribes. The Moon has the midwives, water-sellers, laundries, and those who record dreams.
The customs of the quarters are these. In Saturn’s quarter no house may be repaired until a stone has fallen. In Jupiter’s quarter a man may swear the same oath no more than three times; thereafter it binds no one, not even the swearer. In Mars’s quarter knives may be sharpened openly, but never hidden. In Venus’s quarter debts contracted by song are not recoverable. In Mercury’s quarter a lie told elegantly is fined less than a truth told for profit. There are also 12 gates, 28 wells, 36 towers, 60 boundary-stones, and 360 niches in the outer wall; but only the astrologers know how these numbers answer to the heavens.
Only failed astrologers may sit in the market of Mercury, offering auspicious hours for journeys, lucky names, lawsuits, reconciliations, haircuts, and cures for barren goats. A man who has predicted three births correctly is subsequently barred.
So devoted is the populace that a horoscope is cast at birth, and the figure sealed in wax. At a funeral, when the body has been washed in water drawn from the Saturn-quarter wells and turned toward the west, the alchocoden breaks the seal and reads aloud. Then the mourners marvel, or lower their faces, hearing of illnesses, journeys, inheritances, adulteries, virtues, and stupidities long past correction. A miser is found to have had Jupiter retrograde in the second house, afflicted from the eighth by a Saturn in fall; a singer had Venus in her Taurus domicile, setting and combust, joined to the Pleiades, her Lot of Spirit fallen on the house of enemies; a soldier who fled three battles had Mars exalted but cadent, his twenty-third profection to the twelfth house, where courage is buried with its dead.
If the traveler asks why the horoscope was not read while the man lived, the people answer patiently, as if explaining wells to a fish. “How could it remain his nativity”, they say, “had he used it as advice?” Thus they forgive lives for happening only once.
On the western gate is written: The stars obey. Therefore they are free. Against this sentence the bonzes of Khotan and ashen mendicants make subtle arguments. The citizens listen courteously, assign them to the quarter of Mercury, and go on as before.
See Also
Colophon
“The City of Counted Stars” was written with LLM assistance in my standard workflow of cognitive priming + brainstorm + iterative editing + detailed formalization/commentary of a final version; see the past writeups in “This Last Pain” Graveyard, and “Elegy in a Craneyard” § Colophon.
The process is to come up with a premise; include some background/reference material to “prime” the LLM; generate variations and ideas en masse; curate and iterate; and then do a detailed semi-formal annotation/summarization/gloss to format it for Gwern.net, document the goals, and make the text more dense (avoiding the characteristic chatbot “emptiness”). I used the same process as “Craneyard” to generate the illustration image; in this case, the brandnew “ChatGPT Images-2.0” (in-progress samples) beat out Nano Banana Pro (in part due to NBP obsessing on a particular scene setting and ignoring the compiled 10 prompt ideas).
As the process this time was routine with no new prompt engineering tricks and I wrote an unusually detailed draft story so the LLMs served mostly as knowledge bases about astrology, I will not document it much beyond showing the starting prompt:
[Initial prompt and source excerpts used for the LLM-assisted drafting process.]
I was talking to an Uzbek from Tashkent who was using a LLM astrology prompt and amazed at how accurate it was about the past year. I asked what it predicted for the next year; he said, “oh, I don’t want to jinx it.” I wondered what use astrology could possibly be if it made valid predictions but only if you didn’t know them; isn’t the point to make decisions based on the forecasts? This made me think about possible uses, and perhaps there are in a compatibilist sense. One could treat this as a parable. Italo Calvino’s Invisible Cities came to mind.
A quick stab at such a story:
Three days horseback south-southwest travel from Samarkand you find a city called by its poets, The City of Uncounted Stars, almost bordering the land of the fire cultists, and past the nomads who dwell in felt tents and boil horseflesh. It has 7,000 [insert medieval Chinese area unit] cultivated, growing principally barley, wheat, and dry rice. The climate is temperate, and cooled by the desert winds at night. It is prosperous and peaceful, and public executions rarely occur nor have its taxes been remitted in living memory. It is renowned for its astrologers, who are credited by the populace to the extent of dividing the city into 7 quarters, each with its peculiar priesthood. The priesthoods remain aloof, permitting only their failures to sell horoscopes in the marketplaces. So devoted is the populace that by longstanding custom, a horoscope is cast for each person. Peculiarly, the horoscope is kept secret until their funeral, at which point the responsible astrologer or his successor will read it aloud, and the gathered will marvel or sorrow at the accuracy of the prophecy. If asked about this custom, they regard the traveler with confusion or condescension, asking how a man’s horoscope could remain accurate if any but an astrologer knew its contents? Thus, the people of this city conduct their daily business believing that everything they do has already been foreseen. They credit their morality and public order to this belief, that nothing a man does in vain, for he strives to achieve a horoscope that will not shame his descendants, in the knowledge that if his life goes awry, the fault was not in him but his stars. Of the arithmetical regularity of the stars and planets, they say only that since the beginning, they have chosen to obey the laws above, as men choose to obey their laws below, and both are equally free. Against this, the bonzes and wandering mendicants’ arguments can find no purchase to disturb their tranquility.
Please analyze and critique it, and suggest improvements. I would like to make it deeper and more allusive, and embed more astrological knowledge. Consider alternative interpretations.
After the suggestions, brainstorm at least 20 variant stories; summarize and describe them, with at least 5 authors/stories/genres listed for inspiration, and write them out. Critique them, and revise them. Write out the final version of each of the 20. Then rate them all 1–5 stars.
Select the best lines, images, tropes, or ideas from all versions, including mine.
After this writing process, select the top 5, emphasizing diversity, and reflect on what is working and what is not working.
Example Marco Polo passages:
CHAPTER LX. Concerning the Kaan’s Palace of Chagannor.
At the end of those three days you find a city called Chagan Nor [which is as much as to say White Pool], at which there is a great Palace of the Grand Kaan’s;1 and he likes much to reside there on account of the Lakes and Rivers in the neighbourhood, which are the haunt of swans2 and of a great variety of other birds. The adjoining plains too abound with cranes, partridges, pheasants, and other game birds, so that the Emperor takes all the more delight in staying there, in order to go a-hawking with his gerfalcons and other falcons, a sport of which he is very fond.3
There are five different kinds of cranes found in those tracts, as I shall tell you. First, there is one which is very big, and all over as black as a crow; the second kind again is all white, and is the biggest of all; its wings are really beautiful, for they are adorned with round eyes like those of a peacock, but of a resplendent golden colour, whilst the head is red and black on a white ground. The third kind is the same as ours. The fourth is a small kind, having at the ears beautiful long pendent feathers of red and black. The fifth kind is grey all over and of great size, with a handsome head, red and black.4
Near this city there is a valley in which the Emperor has had several little houses erected in which he keeps in mew a huge number of cators, which are what we call the Great Partridge. You would be astonished to see what a quantity there are, with men to take charge of them. So whenever the Kaan visits the place he is furnished with as many as he wants.5
CHAPTER XVII. Concerning the Kingdom of Kerman.
Kerman is a kingdom which is also properly in Persia, and formerly it had a hereditary prince. Since the Tartars conquered the country the rule is no longer hereditary, but the Tartar sends to administer whatever lord he pleases.1 In this kingdom are produced the stones called turquoises in great abundance; they are found in the mountains, where they are extracted from the rocks.2 There are also plenty of veins of steel and Ondanique.3 The people are very skilful in making harness of war; their saddles, bridles, spurs, swords, bows, quivers, and arms of every kind, are very well made indeed according to the fashion of those parts. The ladies of the country and their daughters also produce exquisite needlework in the embroidery of silk stuffs in different colours, with figures of beasts and birds, trees and flowers, and a variety of other patterns. They work hangings for the use of noblemen so deftly that they are marvels to see, as well as cushions, pillows quilts, and all sorts of things.4
In the mountains of Kerman are found the best falcons in the world. They are inferior in size to the Peregrine, red on the breast, under the neck, and between the thighs; their flight so swift that no bird can escape them.5
On quitting the city you ride on for seven days, always finding towns, villages, and handsome dwelling-houses, so that it is very pleasant travelling; and there is excellent sport also to be had by the way in hunting and hawking. When you have ridden those seven days over a plain country, you come to a great mountain; and when you have got to the top of the pass you find a great descent which occupies some two days to go down. All along you find a variety and abundance of fruits; and in former days there were plenty of inhabited places on the road, but now there are none; and you meet with only a few people looking after their cattle at pasture. From the city of Kerman to this descent the cold in winter is so great that you can scarcely abide it, even with a great quantity of clothing.6
Example Hyecho passages:
West India
From south India I walked North for two months and arrived at the city where the king of west India resides. The west Indian king also possesses five to six hundred elephants. The products of this land are cotton cloth, silver, elephants, horses, sheep, and cows. Barley, wheat, and various kinds of beans are produced in large quantities [but the production of] rice and corn is much less. Food is mainly bread, wheat preparations, curds, butter, and ghee. In the markets, silver money and cotton cloth are used. The king, the chiefs, and the common people highly revere and believe in the Three Jewels. There are many monasteries and monks. Both Mahayana and Hinayana are practised. The land is very broad. To the west it reaches the Western sea. The people of this country are good at singing. [In this] the other four regions of India cannot be compared with this country. Here there is no cangue, beating, prison, capital punishment, and similar affairs. At present half the country has been invaded by the Arabs and is already ravaged. According to the law of the five regions of India, those who travel do not carry food. They can beg for food wherever they go. When the king and the chiefs travel, they take food with them so as not to bother the people.
North India (Jalandhara)
For over three months I travelled north from west India and arrived at the country of north India, which is called Jalandhara. The king of this country has three hundred elephants. He resides in a city built on the hillside. From the hills the place gradually stretches northwards. As a country it is very narrow. The army and cavalry are small. It is often annexed by the central Indian king and Kashmir. This is the reason the king resides on the hillside. The customs, dress, and language are not different from those of central India. The land is slightly cooler than central India and the other regions. There is also no frost or snow, but there is a cold wind. The products of this land are elephants, cotton cloth, rice, and wheat. Mules and asses are few. The king possesses a hundred horses, while each chief has three to five, and the common people have none. The western part of the country :s a plain and the eastern part is close to the snowy mountains. There are many monasteries and monks in this country. Both Mahayana and Hinayana are practised.
Suvarnagotra
A small kingdom is to the east, a month’s journey through the snowy mountains. It is called Suvarnagotra. and is under the control of the Tibetans. The dress is similar to that of north India, but the language is different. The land is extremely cold.
Italo Calvino, Invisible Cities (“Thin cities”) example:
Isaura, city of the thousand wells, is said to rise over a deep, subterranean lake. On all sides, wherever the inhabitants dig long vertical holes in the ground, they succeed in drawing up water, as far as the city extends, and no farther. Its green border repeats the dark outline of the buried lake; an invisible landscape conditions the visible one; everything that moves in the sunlight is driven by the lapping wave enclosed beneath the rock’s calcareous sky. Consequently two forms of religion exist in Isaura. The city’s gods, according to some people, live in the depths, in the black lake that feeds the underground streams. According to others, the gods live in the buckets that rise, suspended from a cable, as they appear over the edge of the wells, in the revolving pulleys, in the windlasses of the norias, in the pump handles, in the blades of the windmills that draw the water up from the drillings, in the trestles that support the twisting probes, in the reservoirs perched on stilts over the roofs, in the slender arches of the aqueducts, in all the columns of water, the vertical pipes, the plungers, the drains, all the way up to the weathercocks that surmount the airy scaffoldings of Isaura, a city that moves entirely upward.
[Initial prompt and source excerpts used for the LLM-assisted drafting process.]
GPT-5.4 Pro Ideas
1. The Corpse’s Shadow Is the Horoscope
Description
A washed, shrouded corpse lies on a black stone slab in a severe funerary chamber.
There is no visible sky, no stars, no parchment, no scroll.
The body’s shadow is not a human outline: it is a perfect natal chart projected onto the floor.
The mourners stand just outside the circle, unable to enter it.
The image says: the chart was always there, but it becomes legible only when the life is over.
This is the most iconic thumbnail because it compresses the whole story into one glance: death reveals the pattern; life could not be allowed to see it.
Prompt
High-contrast literary book-cover illustration: a white-shrouded corpse on a black stone funeral slab casts a precise circular natal chart as its shadow on the floor; three faceless mourners stand at the edge of the diagram, unable to step into it; austere Central Asian funerary chamber, cold blue stone, ivory cloth, black ink geometry, thin crimson thread accents; solemn, philosophical, uncanny; no visible sky, no stars, no parchment, no scrolls, no wax seals, no yellow or sepia palette.
2. The Map That Changes When Touched
Description
A traveler tries to use a natal chart as a map.
The moment his foot touches it, the geometry beneath him begins to twist, erase, and redraw itself.
The untouched parts remain crisp.
This image captures the draft’s central self-reference problem: a prediction, once used, is no longer a prediction of the original life.
It has entered the life.
This is the best “philosophical” thumbnail: less elegiac than the corpse-shadow image, more intellectually dangerous.
Prompt
Surreal overhead city scene: a lone traveler steps onto a circular astrological diagram used as a street map; beneath his foot, the diagram’s lines twist, buckle, and erase themselves, while the untouched streets remain precise and beautiful; the geometry is half city plan, half natal chart, but not a zodiac cliché; black stone streets, blue-white tile, ivory figure, sharp crimson rupture lines; austere Silk Road city atmosphere; no stars, no scrolls, no wax seals, no parchment, no yellow or brown palette.
3. The City As a Locked Brain
Description
An aerial view of the city forms the shape of a human brain.
Its seven planetary quarters appear as districts, not symbols.
Roads resemble neural pathways.
At the center, where memory or self-knowledge should be, there is a locked black chamber.
This is the best concept for linking astrology to philosophy of mind.
The city is not merely a place with beliefs; it is a mind whose crucial self-description has been deliberately sealed away.
The citizens are free because the deterministic description is withheld from consciousness.
Prompt
Editorial literary thumbnail: an aerial map of a walled Silk Road city subtly shaped like a human brain; seven radial districts divide the city, each suggested by civic objects—well, court, butcher square, mint, bathhouse, market, laundry—rather than cartoon planet symbols; roads resemble neural pathways; at the center sits a small locked black chamber replacing memory or self-knowledge; cold lapis, white plaster, black linework, restrained crimson accents; no sky, no stars, no zodiac wheel cliché, no scrolls, no wax seals, no sepia.
4. The Horoscope As a Mask Put On Only After Death
Description
A shrouded face receives a rigid black geometric mask after death.
The mask resembles a natal chart, but it aligns with the face like a second identity.
The hands placing it are careful, ceremonial, impersonal.
This image is clean, close-up, and thumbnail-friendly.
It says that the horoscope is not a fortune-telling device.
It is the completed person’s final face.
The risk is that it may imply falsification—identity imposed after death—so the prompt should stress alignment, not concealment.
Prompt
Close-up funerary cover image: a shrouded dead face receives a delicate black geometric mask shaped like a natal chart; gloved hands place it gently over the face after death, and the mask aligns perfectly with the features, as if it had always belonged there; ivory burial cloth, cold blue shadows, black diagram lines, thin crimson ties; solemn, precise, ritualistic, not horror; no stars, no parchment, no scrolls, no wax seals, no gold, no sepia.
5. The Baby and the Corpse Share One Face
Description
A newborn and a corpse are vertically aligned into one continuous figure.
The infant is swaddled at the bottom.
The shrouded corpse lies above.
They share the same face, or the same faint outline.
Between them floats a sealed black diagram, like a forbidden organ or suspended verdict.
This is the best life-span compression.
It makes birth and death one ritual circuit: the chart is cast at the beginning, but belongs to the end.
The concept is slightly more symbolic than #1, but it may be more emotionally immediate.
Prompt
Surreal medieval-modern literary illustration: a swaddled newborn at the bottom of the image and a white-shrouded corpse at the top share the same faint face, forming one continuous life from birth to death; between them floats a locked black astrological diagram like a forbidden organ, unreadable but exact; austere Silk Road interior, cold indigo shadows, bone-white cloth, black geometry, restrained crimson thread; philosophical, elegiac, uncanny; no stars, no scrolls, no wax seals, no parchment texture, no yellow or brown tones.
Gemini Ideas
The Shattered Nativity
An extreme close-up shot captures the hands of an Alchocoden dressed in deep indigo robes. The hands violently snap a heavy clay tablet heavily inlaid with complex silver geometric lines. Glowing silver dust and jagged ceramic shards burst outward from the sharp break. The fragments scatter across the dark obsidian-black silk shroud covering a corpse directly below. Sharp, dramatic chiaroscuro lighting highlights the metallic debris catching the cold light against the pitch-dark fabric.
The Khotan Bonze’s Erasure
A high-angle wide shot reveals a grand floor completely covered in intricate lapis lazuli astrological mosaics. A Khotanese monk wearing stark white robes sits cross-legged in the geometric center of the room. Thick grey ash heavily coats his face and bare arms. He sweeps a thick layer of luminescent silver dust using a small, stiff-bristled brush. The sweeping motion forms a perfectly smooth, blank circle of emptiness directly over the rigid celestial grid. A single shaft of cool azure light falls exactly on the blank silver circle.
The Mars Square
A wide architectural shot shows a perfectly square plaza paved entirely in highly polished crimson marble. Sheer, towering walls of heavy, rivet-studded black iron completely enclose the space. In the center, heavily muscled armorers wearing thick obsidian-scaled aprons stand over wet grey whetstones. They press massive iron swords against the heavy grinding wheels. Brilliant white sparks erupt from the friction, reflecting violently off the mirror-like crimson stone under a dark, overcast sky.
The Saturn Repair
A medium shot focuses on a massive, deeply weathered masonry wall built entirely of dark obsidian blocks. A single gaping void exists in the center of the wall where an old block has entirely crumbled away. An elderly mason wearing tattered, wind-blown azure robes stands before the dark ruin. He carefully slides a perfectly cut, gleaming silver metallic block into the empty space. Cold, diffuse moonlight illuminates the severe visual contrast between the ancient textured volcanic glass and the pristine silver repair.
The Cure for the Barren Goat
A bustling Silk Road bazaar sits beneath a canopy of sharp, intersecting azure canvas awnings. A intensely focused merchant dressed in vibrant jade silks leans aggressively over a heavy iron table. He wields a large, gleaming silver geometric caliper. He uses the instrument to precisely measure the skull of a living, highly agitated goat. The goat stares directly out of the frame with horizontal rectangular pupils. Cool daylight casts deep blue shadows across the merchant’s intricate silver jewelry and the goat’s dark grey fleece.