“Genome Wide Meta-Analysis Identifies Genomic Relationships, Novel Loci, and Pleiotropic Mechanisms across Eight Psychiatric Disorders”, Cross-Disorder Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Phil H. Lee, Verneri Anttila, Hyejung Won, Yen-Chen A. Feng, Jacob Rosenthal, Zhaozhong Zhu, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, Michel G. Nivard, Andrew D. Grotzinger, Danielle Posthuma, Meg M.-J. Wang, Dongmei Yu, Eli Ayumi Stahl, Raymond K. Walters, Richard J. L. Anney, Laramie E. Duncan, Sintia Belangero, Jurjen Luykx, Henry Kranzler, Anna Keski-Rahkonen, Edwin H. Cook, George Kirov, Giovanni Coppola, Jaakko Kaprio, Clement C. Zai, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Tobias Banaschewski, Luis A. Rohde, P. G. C. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Group, P. G. C. Autism Spectrum Disorder Group, P. G. C. Bipolar Disorder Group, P. G. C. Eating Disorders Group, P. G. C. Major Depressive Disorder Group, P. G. C. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Tourette Syndrome Group, P. G. C. Schizophrenia Group, Patrick F. Sullivan, Barbara Franke, Mark J. Daly, Cynthia M. Bulik, Cathryn M. Lewis, Andrew M. McIntosh, Michael C. O’Donovan, Amanda Zheutlin, Ole A. Andreassen, Anders D. Borglum, Gerome Breen, Howard J. Edenberg, Ayman H. Fanous, Stephen V. Faraone, Joel Gelernter, Carol A. Mathews, Manuel Mattheisen, Karen Mitchell, Michael C. Neale, John I. Nurnberger, Stephan Ripke, Susan L. Santangelo, Jeremiah M. Scharf, Murray B. Stein, Laura M. Thornton, James T. R. Walters, Naomi R. Wray, Daniel H. Geschwind, Benjamin M. Neale, Kenneth S. Kendler, Jordan W. Smoller2019-01-26 (genetic correlation, ADHD, anorexia, autism, BP genes, depression, SCZ; similar):
Genetic influences on psychiatric disorders transcend diagnostic boundaries, suggesting substantial pleiotropy of contributing loci. However, the nature and mechanisms of these pleiotropic effects remain unclear.
We performed a meta-analysis of 232,964 cases and 494,162 controls from genome-wide studies of anorexia nervosa, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, and Tourette syndrome. Genetic correlation analyses revealed a meaningful structure within the eight disorders identifying 3 groups of inter-related disorders.
We detected 109 loci associated with at least two psychiatric disorders, including 23 loci with pleiotropic effects on four or more disorders and 11 loci with antagonistic effects on multiple disorders. The pleiotropic loci are located within genes that show heightened expression in the brain throughout the lifespan, beginning in the second trimester prenatally, and play prominent roles in a suite of neurodevelopmental processes.
These findings have important implications for psychiatric nosology, drug development, and risk prediction.