“Application of the Buffon Needle Problem and Its Extensions to Parallel-Line Search Sampling Scheme”, C. F. Chung1981-10 (probability theory)⁠:

Buffon’s needle problem is generalized to a grid of unequally spaced parallel strips and a needle with a preferred orientation.

This generalization is useful to determine the spacing of flight lines for locating anomalies by airborne geophysical surveys.

[Keywords: Buffon needle problem, geometric probability, geophysical surveys, unequally spaced parallel strips, preferred orientation]