“On the Tumbling Toast Problem”, Riccardo Borghi2012-08-01 (science)⁠:

A didactical revisitation of the so-called tumbling toast problem is presented here.

The numerical solution of the related Newton’s equations has been found in the space domain, without resorting to the complete time-based law of motion, with a considerable reduction of the mathematical complexity of the problem. This could allow the effect of the different physical mechanisms ruling the overall dynamics to be appreciated in a more transparent way, even by undergraduates.

Moreover, the availability from the literature of experimental investigations carried out on tumbling toast allows us to propose different theoretical models of growing complexity in order to show the corresponding improvement of the agreement between theory and observation.