“Does Self-Control Outdo IQ in Predicting Academic Performance?”, Alexander T. Vazsonyi, Magda Javakhishvili, Marek Blatny2021-11-20 (IQ, Conscientiousness; similar)⁠:

Duckworth & Seligman2005’s seminal work found that self-discipline (self-control) was more salient for academic achievement than intelligence. Very little replication work exists, including in different cultures; the current study addressed these gaps.

Data were collected from 6^th and 7^th grade cohorts of early adolescents [Brno Longitudinal Study of Youth (BLSY), an accelerated longitudinal study of 6^th and 7^th grade Czech adolescents] (n = 589; age: Mean = 12.34 years, and SD = 0.89; 58% female) over 2 years. The study tested whether self-control was a stronger predictor than intelligence in explaining academic performance 2 years later as well as in explaining developmental changes over the course of 2 years.

Path analyses provided evidence that both self-control and intelligence longitudinally predicted teacher-reported academic competence as well as school-reported grades; however, intelligence was a substantially stronger predictor than self-control. In addition, only intelligence predicted developmental changes in each measure of academic performance over time, self-control did not.

[Keywords: academic achievement, self-discipline, intelligence, schools, individual differences]

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