“Genetic Variants Associated With Subjective Well-Being, Depressive Symptoms, and Neuroticism Identified through Genome-Wide Analyses”, Aysu Okbay, Bart M. L. Baselmans, Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Patrick Turley, Michel G. Nivard, Mark Alan Fontana, S. Fleur W. Meddens, Richard Karlsson Linnér, Cornelius A. Rietveld, Jaime Derringer, Jacob Gratten, James J. Lee, Jimmy Z. Liu, Ronald de Vlaming, Tarunveer S. Ahluwalia, Jadwiga Buchwald, Alana Cavadino, Alexis C. Frazier-Wood, Nicholas A. Furlotte, Victoria Garfield, Marie Henrike Geisel, Juan R. Gonzalez, Saskia Haitjema, Robert Karlsson, Sander W. van der Laan, Karl-Heinz Ladwig, Jari Lahti, Sven J. van der Lee, Penelope A. Lind, Tian Liu, Lindsay Matteson, Evelin Mihailov, Michael B. Miller, Camelia C. Minica, Ilja M. Nolte, Dennis Mook-Kanamori, Peter J. van der Most, Christopher Oldmeadow, Yong Qian, Olli T. Raitakari, Rajesh Rawal, Anu Realo, Rico Rueedi, Börge Schmidt, Albert Vernon Smith, Evie Stergiakouli, Toshiko Tanaka, Kent Taylor, Juho Wedenoja, Juergen Wellmann, Harm-Jan Westra, Sara M. Willems, Wei Zhao, LifeLines Cohort Study, Najaf Amin, Andrew Bakshi, Patricia A. Boyle, Samantha Cherney, Simon R. Cox, Gail Davies, Oliver S. P. Davis, Jun Ding, Nese Direk, Peter Eibich, Rebecca T. Emeny, Ghazaleh Fatemifar, Jessica D. Faul, Luigi Ferrucci, Andreas Forstner, Christian Gieger, Richa Gupta, Tamara B. Harris, Juliette M. Harris, Elizabeth G. Holliday, Jouke-Jan Hottenga, Philip L. De Jager, Marika A. Kaakinen, Eero Kajantie, Ville Karhunen, Ivana Kolcic, M. Kumari, Lenore J. Launer, Lude Franke, Ruifang Li-Gao, Marisa Koini, Anu Loukola, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Grant W. Montgomery, Miriam A. Mosing, Lavinia Paternoster, Alison Pattie, Katja E. Petrovic, Laura Pulkki-Råback, Lydia Quaye, Katri Räikkönen, Igor Rudan, Rodney J. Scott, Jennifer A. Smith, Angelina R. Sutin, Maciej Trzaskowski, Anna E. Vinkhuyzen, Lei Yu, Delilah Zabaneh, John R. Attia, David A. Bennett, Klaus Berger, Lars Bertram, Dorret I. Boomsma, Harold Snieder, Shun-Chiao Chang, Francesco Cucca, Ian J. Deary, Cornelia van Duijn, Johan G. Eriksson, Ute Bültmann, Eco J. C. de Geus, Patrick J. F. Groenen, Vilmundur Gudnason, Torben Hansen, Catharine A. Hartman, Claire M. A. Haworth, Caroline Hayward, Andrew C. Heath, David A. Hinds, Elina Hyppönen, William Iacono, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Jaakko Kaprio, Sharon L. R. Kardia, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen, Peter Kraft, Laura D. Kubzansky, Terho Lehtimäki, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Nicholas G. Martin, Matt McGue, Andres Metspalu, Melinda Mills, Renée de Mutsert, Albertine J. Oldehinkel, Gerard Pasterkamp, Nancy L. Pedersen, Robert Plomin, Ozren Polasek, Christine Power, Stephen S. Rich, Frits R. Rosendaal, Hester M. den Ruijter, David Schlessinger, Helena Schmidt, Rauli Svento, Reinhold Schmidt, Behrooz Z. Alizadeh, Thorkild I. A. Sørensen, Tim D. Spector, Andrew Steptoe, Antonio Terracciano, A. Roy Thurik, Nicholas J. Timpson, Henning Tiemeier, André G. Uitterlinden, Peter Vollenweider, Gert G. Wagner, David R. Weir, Jian Yang, Dalton C. Conley, George Davey Smith, Albert Hofman, Magnus Johannesson, David I. Laibson, Sarah E. Medland, Michelle N. Meyer, Joseph K. Pickrell, Tõnu Esko, Robert F. Krueger, Jonathan P. Beauchamp, Philipp Koellinger, Daniel J. Benjamin, Meike Bartels, David Cesarini2018-04-26 (genetic correlation, depression, SCZ, personality; similar):
Major depressive disorder (MDD) [vs subjective well-being] is a common illness accompanied by considerable morbidity, mortality, costs, and heightened risk of suicide.
We conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis based in 135,458 cases and 344,901 controls and identified 44 independent and statistically-significant loci.
The genetic findings were associated with clinical features of major depression and implicated brain regions exhibiting anatomical differences in cases. Targets of antidepressant medications and genes involved in gene splicing were enriched for smaller association signal. We found important relationships of genetic risk for major depression with educational attainment, body mass, and schizophrenia: lower educational attainment and higher body mass were putatively causal, whereas major depression and schizophrenia reflected a partly shared biological etiology.
All humans carry lesser or greater numbers of genetic risk factors for major depression. These findings help refine the basis of major depression and imply that a continuous measure of risk underlies the clinical phenotype.