“Dual n-Back FAQ”, Gwern2009-03-25 (DNB, IQ, QS; backlinks; similar)⁠:

A compendium of DNB, WM, IQ information up to 2015.

Between 2008_16ya and 2011_13ya, I collected a number of anecdotal reports about the effects of n-backing; there are many other anecdotes out there, but the following are a good representation—for what they’re worth.

• The Argument
  • The Silver Bullet
• Training
  • N-Back
  • Dual N-Back
    • 1-Back
    • 2-Back
  • Personal Reflection on Results
• Terminology
• Notes from the Author
  • N-Back in General
  • Reading This FAQ
• N-Back Training
  • Should I Do Multiple Daily Sessions, or Just One?
  • Strategies
    • Are Strategies Good or Bad?
  • And the Flashing Right/wrong Feedback?
  • How Can I Do Better on N-Back?
    • Spacing
    • Hardcore
  • Plateauing, Or, Am I Wasting Time If I Can’t Get past 4-Back?
  • Do Breaks Undo My Work?
  • I Heard 12-Back Is Possible
• What’s Some Relevant Research?
  • Support
    • Jaeggi2005
      • Jaeggi2008
    • Qiu2009
    • Polar (June 2009_15ya)
    • Jaeggi2010
      • Studer-Luethi2012
    • Stephenson2010
      • Stephenson & Halpern2013
    • Jaeggi2011
    • Schweizer Et Al 2011
    • Kundu Et Al 2011
    • Zhong2011
    • Jausovec2012
    • Clouter2013
    • Jaeggi Et Al 2013
    • Savage2013
    • Stepankova Et Al 2013
    • Horvat2014
    • Heinzel Et Al 2016
  • Criticism
    • Moody 2009_15ya (re: Jaeggi 2008_16ya)
    • Seidler2010
    • Jonasson2011
    • Chooi2011
    • Preece 2011_13ya / Palmer2011
    • Kundu Et Al 2012
      • Kundu Et Al 2013
    • Salminen2012
    • Redick Et Al 2012
    • Rudebeck2012
    • Heinzel Et Al 2013
      • Onken2013
    • Thompson Et Al 2013
    • Smith Et Al 2013
    • Nussbaumer Et Al 2013
    • Oelhafen Et Al 2013
    • Sprenger Et Al 2013
    • Colom Et Al 2013
    • Burki Et Al 2014
    • Pugin Et Al 2014
    • Heffernan2014
    • Hancock2013
    • Waris Et Al 2015
    • Baniqued Et Al 2015
    • Kuper & Karbach2015
    • Lindeløv Et Al 2016
    • Schwarb Et Al 2015
    • Lawlor-Savage & Goghari2016
    • Studer-Luethi Et Al 2015
    • Minear Et Al 2016
    • Studer-Luethi Et Al 2016
  • Meta-Analysis
  • Does It Really Work?
    • N-Back Improves Working Memory
    • IQ Tests
      • Measuring
      • Available Tests
      • IQ Test Results
    • Other Effects
      • Benefits
      • No Benefits
      • Creativity
  • Non-IQ or Non-DNB Gains
    • Chein2010
    • Colom2010
    • Loosli Et Al 2011
    • Nutley2011
    • Zhao Et Al 2011
    • Roughan & Hadwin2011
    • Brehmer Et Al 2012
  • Saccading
    • Self-Experiment
      • Analysis
  • Sleep
  • Lucid Dreaming
  • Aging
  • TODO
• Software
  • Online
  • Desktop
  • Mobile
    • Android
    • IPhone
  • Offline N-Back
• What Else Can I Do?
  • Supplements
    • Piracetam
    • Huperzine
    • Creatine
• See Also
• Appendix
  • Flaws in Mainstream Science (and Psychology)

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