“Catnip Immunity and Alternatives”, Gwern2015-11-07 (, , , , ; backlinks)⁠:

Estimation of catnip immunity rates by country with meta-analysis and surveys, and discussion of catnip alternatives.

Not all cats respond to the catnip stimulant; the rate of responders is generally estimated at ~70% of cats. A meta-analysis of catnip response experiments since the 1940s indicates the true value is ~62%. The low quality of studies and the reporting of their data makes examination of possible moderators like age, sex, and country difficult. Catnip responses have been recorded for a number of species both inside and outside the Felidae family; of them, there is evidence for a catnip response in the Felidae, and, more uncertainly, the Paradoxurinae, and Herpestinae.

To extend the analysis, I run large-scale online surveys measuring catnip response rates globally in domestic cats, finding high heterogeneity but considerable rates of catnip immunity worldwide.

As a piece of practical advice for cat-hallucinogen sommeliers, I treat catnip response & finding catnip substitutes as a decision problem, modeling it as a Markov decision process where one wishes to find a working psychoactive at minimum cost. Bol et al 2017 measured multiple psychoactives simultaneously in a large sample of cats, permitting prediction of responses conditional on not responding to others. (The solution to the specific problem is to test in the sequence catnip → honeysuckle → silvervine → Valerian.)

For discussion of cat psychology in general, see my Cat Sense review.